嫁(よめ)にやる―「やる」と「する」は、こんなにちがいます。Do you think they just mean DO?
- There Goes Nihongo
- 2019年6月27日
- 読了時間: 4分
や-る【遣る(やる)】
「娘(むすめ)を大学(だいがく)へやる」「娘(むすめ)を嫁(よめ)にやる」
The basic meaning for this 「やる」 is to make or let someone transfer from a place to another; to make or let someone go.
「娘(むすめ)を大学(だいがく)へやる」
I have my daughter go to college. This use of 「やる」 implies that you pay the tuition for her. If you don’t pay it, you’ll not use this expression.
Instead, 「娘(むすめ)が大学(だいがく)に行く(いく)」 「娘(むすめ)が大学(だいがく)に通う(かよう)」 will be used. In these expressions, we’re not sure if you pay the tuition for her or not. They hold just the fact that she goes to school.
「娘(むすめ)を嫁(よめ)にやる」
I have my daughter get married. Traditionally, the Japanese thought your daughter would belong to the husband’s family after she got married. This 「やる」 has a nuance of ‘give’ or ‘let go,’ and SADNESS.
「娘(むすめ)を嫁(よめ)にする」
If you use 「する」in this context, the meaning will be just the opposite: I got married to the girl.
「舟(ふね)は櫓(ろ)でやる」「やり過ごす(すごす)」
This usage of 「やる」is to make or let someone or something go ahead.
「舟(ふね)は櫓(ろ)でやる」
You need to make the boat ahead by rowing (pulling oars).
「やり過ごす(すごす)」
This means that you let it go. Or you don’t care or pay attention to what someone said to you—usually something bad.
「人(ひと)をやって問い合わせる(といあわせる)」
Occasionally 「やる」 means to send someone when you’re not sure what happens in the other place. You have someone go there and ask what is going.
「子供(こども)に小遣い(こづかい)をやる」 cf. あげる
to give an allowance to your son/daughter or a child
This 「やる」 is used to give something to someone who is of your age or younger than you, or in a lower position. Note that this expression is never polite. You say you’re in a higher position than the person you give it.
「子供(こども)に小遣い(こづかい)をあげる」
This is politer.
「どれ見て(みて)やろう」「読んで(よんで)やる」 cf. あげる
This 「やる」is to do something for somebody’s sake. Well, I’ll check it for you, or I'll help you with your homework. I’ll read it for you. But rude expressions. In most occasions you say them to your children.
「どれ見て(みて)あげよう」「読んで(よんで)あげる」
Politer
「金(かね)をふんだくってやる」「どなりつけてやる」
In anger or hate, you plan to give disadvantage to somebody.
「金(かね)をふんだくってやる」
You want to get money from him in revenge because you hate him. Maybe he did bad things to you. 「ふんだくって」 itself also has a nuance that you will get money from him against his will and you’re angry at him.
「どなりつけてやる」
You want to shout at him because he did bad things to you and you are angry. 「どなりつけて」 also has a nuance that you will make a loud voice at him because you’re angry.
「毒(どく)を飲んで(のんで)死んで(しんで)やる」 cf. あげる
This 「やる」 is to do something in despair when you don’t care what happens to you. What you do will usually put someone else to trouble. I'm going to take poison and kill myself.
「スポーツをやる」 cf. する
This 「やる」 is used when you’re willing to do something. You’re interested in sport and you play it on a regular basis.
「彼女(かのじょ)はテニスをやる」 cf. する
This means that she plays tennis once in a while as a hobby.
「彼女(かのじょ)はテニスをする」
In this expression, you can’t tell whether she can just play it or she plays it as a hobby.
「彼(かれ)はビールをやりますか」
Does he drink beer? This expression is almost same as asking if you like beer. You can’t say 「彼はビールをしますか」; there isn’t such an expression.
「やったぜ」（うまくしおおせた）
I made it! This is to say you did it successfully when you were not sure. Note that this is a masculine language: to the use of ぜ at the end of a phrase. It would be better for ladies to say (and men can also say) : 「やった」「やったぁ」
「ちょっと一杯(いっぱい)やろう」（ちょっと酒(さけ)を飲もう(のもう)）
Let’s have a drink. If you say this to your colleague after five in your office, that means ‘Let’s go out and have a drink.’ But most usually we drink more than one.
「やって行け(いけ)ない」（維持(いじ)できない。特(とく)に、生計(せいけい)が立た(たた)ない）
You can’t do that anymore. You can’t keep the relationship with him or her. You can’t make a living.
「もう彼(かれ)とはやって行け(いけ)ない」
I can’t keep the relationship with him anymore.
「やられた」
This 「やる」 is to have damage.
「首相(しゅしょう)がテロにやられた」（＝おそわれた）
The prime minister got attacked in a terror.
「寒さ(さむさ)にやられた野菜(やさい)」
Vegetables which got ruined by coldness
「寒さ(さむさ)にやられた」
I’m sick; I got a cold.
「五年前(いねんまえ)に胃潰瘍(いかいよう)をやった」
I had a stomach ulcer five years ago.
Referring to unfavorable things you experienced, you say as if you did it at your will even though you suffered from it actually.
「何(なに)をやろうか」
What should I do?
「やってみる」
I'll give it a try. You try to do or dare do something when you’re not sure it goes well.
「何(なに)をおやりですか」
This 「やる」 is to mean ‘what will you do?’ but some will say this is not a correct expression. 「やり」 sounds rude and 「お」 is to show respect. This is a contradictory usage. The right way to say is:
「何(なに)をされますか」
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