「緑」 is used to mean GREEN.
However, the use of 緑(みどり) is limited because 青(あお) includes blue and green.
So 「青」 is used to mean BLUE and GREEN.
Green fields should be
「青々とした野」
(あおあおと したの) or
「青々とした畑」
(あおあおと した はたけ).
「青竹」
(あおたけ) is a young, green bamboo.
Vegetables are greens but they’re called
「青物」
(あおもの).
「青菜」
(あおな) is ‘green leafy vegetables.’
When you put salt on green leafy vegetables, they get wilted because water inside them comes out because of osmotic pressure.
That’s why
「青菜に塩」
(あおなにしお) describes a person who becomes weak or tired or less confident.
「仕事の重圧からかれは青菜に塩だった。」
(しごとの じゅうあつから かれは あおなに しお だった。)
He was wilting from all the pressure at work.
「青物市場」
(あおものいちば) is a vegetable or green market.
The green light on traffic lights are called
「青信号」
(あおしんごう).
It’s not that the Japanese can’t tell blue from green.
Green apple is
「青りんご」
(あおりんご).
You may know an English proverb, “The grass is always greener on the other side of the fence.”
This saying is said about people who never seem happy with what they have and always think that other people have a better situation than they have.
Its Japanese translation is:
「隣の芝生は青い。」
(となりの しばふは あおい。)
When you say he’s still green, it means that he’s young and lacing experience.
However, in Japanese,
「彼はまだ青い。」
(かれはまだあおい。)
「青年」
(せいねん) is a young boy or girl.
Very interestingly, the grammatical use is different between 緑 and 青 as well.
You can make an adjective from 青 by adding い: 青い(あおい).
「青い服」
(あおいふく) is a blue dress.
You can also say 「青の服」(あおのふく), 「青色の服」(あおいろのふく), and 「青色をした服」(あおいろを した ふく).
However, for a green dress, you can’t say 「緑い服」(みどりいふく) and you always needs to say 「緑の服」(みどりのふく), 「緑色の服」(みどりいろのふく), or 「緑色をした服」(みどりいろをしたふく).
Likewise, to become blue or pale is 「青くなる」(あおくなる), but to become green always should be 「緑(色)になる」(みどり(いろ)になる) and 「緑くなる」 is grammatically incorrect.
「青青」 or 「青々」
(あおあおとした) is used as an adjective to mean ‘very green’ or ‘very blue.’
Also, 「赤赤・赤々」(あかあか) and 「黒黒・黒々」 are used to emphasize the colors of red and black respectively.
However, 「緑緑」(みどりみどり) does not exist.
Still, green is also green to the Japanese eye.
It is said that 緑(みどり) was used as a noun to mean ‘NEW BUDS or LEAVES’ and it didn’t originally mean the green color itself.
On the other side, 青(あお) has been existed to mean the colors of green and blue.
Then, 緑(みどり) came to be used as the color of green gradually.
That maybe explains why 緑(みどり) is more inflexible than 青(あお) for meaning GREEN.
Grammatically correct: 「青い」「青く光る」「青くなる」「青青」「青ばむ」「青さ」「青み」「青む」
Whereas grammatically INCORRECT (THERE’RE NO SUHC WORDS.): 「緑い」「緑く光る」「緑くなる」「緑緑」「緑ばむ」「緑さ」「緑み」「緑む」
「緑が好きだ。緑色でも浅緑よりも色の濃い深緑が好きだ。」
(みどりが すきだ。みどりいろでも あさみどりよりも いろの こい ふかみどりが すきだ。)
I like green and prefer dark green to pale green.
「彼女は緑の服に包まれていた。」
(かのじょは みどりの ふくに つつまれて いた。)
She was dressed all in green.
「緑の風」
(みどりのかぜ) should be pleasant breeze, and
「緑の黒髪」
(みどりのくろかみ) should be shiny black hair.
「緑茶」
(りょくちゃ) is green tea of course.
「新緑」
(しんりょく) is used for trees and plants to mean green with new growth. It’s usually used in early summer—mostly in May.
「初夏の新緑に包まれた野山を歩くのが好きです。」
(しょかの しんりょくに つつまれた のやまを あるくのが すきです。)
I like walking in the countryside green with new growth of early summer.
「緑化」
(りょくか or りょっか) is to create parks and other areas with trees and plants in a city.
「街の緑化計画」
(まちの りょっか けいかく) is projects for greening the cities.
「緑化を促進する」
(りょっかを そくしん する) is to promote tree planting.
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