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執筆者の写真There Goes Nihongo

「生」 is really something.



「生」 is used for a lot of meanings and has various ways of reading.

訓読み(くんよみ):

「生きる」(いきる)

「生かす」(いかす)

「生ける」(いける)

「生まれる」(うまれる)

「生む」(うむ)

「生う」(おう)

「生える」(はえる)

「生やす」(はやす)

「生」(なま)

音読み(おんよみ) is セイ and ショウ.

「生」 has many meanings.


Ⅰ The first is to remain alive, to be alive, or to spend your life.

「クモは食べ物なしでも数日は生きられる。」

(クモは たべもの なしでも すうじつは いきられる。) should be “Spiders can live for several days without food.”

「生命」(せいめい)

is the ability to breathe, grow, reproduce, etc. that people, animals, and plants have before they die.

「生と死」(せい と し) or 「生死」(せいし)

is life and death.



「生物」(せいぶつ)

is any creature, that is, living things. It also means a subject of high school: biology.

「生活」(せいかつ)

is to spend your life during a particular period of your life. A married life should be

「結婚生活」(けっこんせいかつ).
「あんなやつは、もう生(い)かしておけない。」

might be “I can’t afford to let him live anymore.”

生け花」(いけばな)

should be a flower arrangement.



「花を花瓶に生ける」

(はなを かびんに いける) should be to arrange flowers in a vase.

Ⅱ The second is a period of your life.

「余生」(よせい)

should be the rest of your life.

「人生」(じんせい)

is the period between your birth and death, or a part of this period.

Ⅲ The third is to be born, come into being, or to produce something.

「誕生日」(たんじょうび)

is the birthday.



「出生地」(しゅっせいち)

is the place of birth.

「生産」(せいさん)

is the process of growing or making food, goods, or materials, especially in large quantities.

「母は1936年に生まれました。」

(ははは せん きゅうひゃく さんじゅう ろく ねんに うまれました。) is “My mother was born in 1936. "

「彼はこの国が生んだ最高のスポーツ選手だ。」

(かれは このくにが うんだ さいこうの スポーツせんしゅだ。) is “He is the greatest athlete this country has ever produced.”


Ⅳ The fourth is when a plant, hair, tooth, etc. grows.

「自生」(じせい)

is existing naturally in a place.

「野生」(やせい)

is living or growing in natural conditions; not kept in a house or on a farm.

「木々が生い茂っている。」

(きぎが おい しげって いる。) is “The trees grow thick.”

「赤ちゃんに歯が生えたよ。」

(あかちゃんに はが はえたよ。) should be “Look! The baby cut a tooth!”


Ⅴ The fifth is to begin to exist or be known to this world.

「発生」(はっせい)

is to appear, happen, occur, or incur.

「事故が発生しました。」

( じこが はっせい しました。) is "An accident has happened."


Ⅵ The sixth is used in a situation where you have something when you are born.

「生来」(せいらい or しょうらい)

is inborn or innate.

In another word,

「生まれつき」(うまれつき).


Ⅶ The seventh is raw, not ripe, green, or fresh.

「生卵」(なまたまご)

is a fresh egg.

「生魚」(なまざかな)

is a raw fish;

「生肉」(なまにく)

is raw meat.

「生煮え」(なまにえ)

is half cooked or half boiled.

Ⅷ The eighth is a person who reads or study.

「先生」(せんせい)

should be a teacher, a professor, a writer, a lawyer, a doctor, an accountant, etc.


「学生」(がくせい)

is a student.

「大学生」(だいがくせい)

is a college student.

「生徒」(せいと)

is also a student, especially in high school or in middle school.

Ⅸ The ninth is used for a male person who calls himself in a humble way.

「小生」(しょうせい)

is ‘I’ or ‘me.’

「小生、この御恩は一生忘れません。」

(しょうせい、この ごおんは いっしょう わすれません。) should be “I’ll never forget all my life the kindness I have received from you.”


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